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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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红泥小火炉,小心会中毒:“围炉煮茶”有风险******

  中新网北京1月29日电(刘欢)继露营、飞盘等户外活动在城市青年群体中掀起风潮后,“围炉煮茶”成为“新晋网红”。陶泥烤炉、一壶热茶、三五好友……文艺复兴式的围炉茶话会成为不少年轻人的社交消费新方式。

  然而,近期也出现多起围炉煮茶导致的一氧化碳中毒事件。这届年轻人为何喜欢起喝茶?围炉煮茶正确的打开方式又是什么?

资料图:浙江一地“围炉煮茶”套餐 王题题 摄

  且将新火试新茶,架炉烧火烤棉花

  据了解,早在唐宋时期,中国就已有煎煮茶汤、围炉夜话的习俗。煮茶的形式主要有两种:一种是云南的火塘烤茶,即用陶罐子在火塘上烤茶,而后沏水;另一种是甘肃的罐罐茶,用土烧的小陶罐加水熬煮,加入红枣、枸杞等材料。

  发展到现在,围炉煮茶的“火”在城市青年群体中烧得正旺。在传统习俗的基础上,现下的围炉煮茶还融合了新潮元素。

  茶壶不仅可以煮传统的岩茶、普洱,还有奶茶、咖啡、果酒等。喝茶的地点也从小院延伸到胡同口、河岸边,或者自己在家动手烧炭煮茶。一些人还会在铁网上摆上红薯、花生、栗子,甚至串了棉花糖来烤。

  中新网注意到,目前,围炉煮茶仍然处于社交消费的前沿。某社交媒体平台已有超72万篇笔记分享玩法攻略,短视频平台围炉煮茶话题下也已有45.9亿的视频播放量。

  话题火热的同时,电商平台商家也闻风而动。从茶壶茶碗,到炭炉筲箕,商家都打上了“围炉煮茶”的标签。如果要在家里置办一套“围炉标配”,仅购买炭炉、茶壶等器具,最便宜的也要上百元。

  而线下店铺单次消费套餐均价在300元左右,包含茶水和部分适烤茶点。

  煮一次茶的价格并不低,但扬州一家的茶馆工作人员接受媒体采访时说:“生意出乎意料的好。”

资料图:成都一茶馆内,坐满了“围炉煮茶”的顾客。 岳依桐 摄

  此时情绪此时天,烧水喝茶小神仙

  据了解,围炉煮茶自2021年左右就 在浙江丽水等地流行,后来逐渐在全国各地推广,并成为继茶颜悦色等中式茶底奶茶爆火后的又一新中式茶饮。

  相关数据显示,2020年中国新式茶饮的市场规模已达772.9亿元,预计到2030年,市场规模将接近2000亿元。

  业内人士认为,在国潮崛起和网红经济的驱动下,围炉煮茶社交属性强、能提供情绪价值,或将成为一种茶文化新习俗。

  而围炉煮茶提供的情绪价值,正是近年来社会热议的“松弛感”。

  国家高级茶艺师、国家高级茶叶审评师朱锦武曾对媒体说,“围炉煮茶”之所以能广泛流行,与其自身的魅力有很大关系。“冬季气温低,大家围着炉子看着茶水沸腾和水汽氤氲,在视觉上更具舒适度,还能唤醒儿时火塘烤火的记忆。”

  沸腾的茶水、精致的点心、幽微的茶味……围炉煮茶将中式审美发挥到了极致,让年轻人从都市生活中短暂地抽离出来,用消费来的社交场景换取片刻“松弛感”。也正如宋代周邦彦的词中所言:“此时情绪此时天,无事小神仙。”

资料图:浙江一地“围炉煮茶”套餐 王题题 摄

  多地出现一氧化碳中毒事件

  中新网梳理发现,围炉煮茶在刷屏的同时,一氧化碳中毒事件也频频发生。

  近日,江苏省扬中市120急救中心接到一通急救电话,有一对母子倒在家中,急救团队到达时他们已没有了心跳。事后了解到,这对母子是饭后在家中围炉煮茶,导致了一氧化碳中毒身亡。

  此外,上海、武汉、山东等多地都出现因在室内围炉煮茶不当而导致的一氧化碳中毒事件。

  一氧化碳是一种无色、无味的气体,在密闭空间内使用煤炉、柴炉、燃气时,含碳物质不完全燃烧就会产生一氧化碳。人体在吸入后,会出现头痛、眩晕、心悸、恶心等症状。

  首都医科大学附属复兴医院急诊科主任医师赵丽曾对媒体表示,一氧化碳会对人体造成组织窒息,对全身的组织细胞均有毒性作用,尤其对大脑皮质的影响最为严重。

  北京市大兴区消防救援支队此前曾为验证室内围炉煮茶的安全性,组织了一场模拟实验。

  在一间约60平方米的密闭房间内,消防员点燃炭火,并实时监测一氧化碳的排放量。仅仅15秒钟,一氧化碳检测仪就发出了报警声(该检测仪在一氧化碳浓度达到0.002%时就会报警)。

  1分50秒时,一氧化碳浓度就已经超过0.01%。不到3分钟,铁盆下方的纸张已烧焦一大片,竹制架子也被烧黑。

  消防员表示,一氧化碳浓度一旦达到0.05%,就可以使人中毒,造成昏迷,甚至危及生命。室内燃烧炭火存在一氧化碳中毒及发生火灾的风险。他强调,使用炭火时,保持开窗通风,时刻注意自己的身体状态,火炉周围也不要堆放易燃易爆物品。(完)

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